Amblyopia Preferred Practice Pattern®
Amblyopia Preferred Practice Pattern®
| Created | |
|---|---|
| Tags | Pediatric |
| Journal | Ophthalmology |
| Status | 審查完成 |
| 校稿者 | 蕭靜熹 醫師 |
中文摘要
本文探討了青光眼、斜視、結合性弱視等因素引起的弱視治療，以及少數與眼睛或視覺途徑結構異常相關的視覺剝奪性弱視。此外，本文提到，有特定的視覺要求，包括立體視，適用於多種職業，如軍事、执法、航空和手術。但目前尚缺乏證據表明單眼弱視會影響教育或職業表現。最後，本文提到，弱視是一種需要醫學治療的醫療狀況，醫療保險計劃應覆蓋所有類型的弱視治療。
English Abstract
The article discusses the treatment of amblyopia caused by factors such as glaucoma, strabismus, and combined amblyopia, as well as visual deprivation amblyopia associated with structural abnormalities involving the eye or visual pathway. Additionally, the article mentions that there are specific visual requirements, including stereopsis, for various career fields such as the military, law enforcement, aviation, and surgery. However, there is currently insufficient evidence that unilateral amblyopia is an impediment to education or career performance. Finally, the article notes that amblyopia is a medical condition that requires medical treatment, and healthcare insurance plans should cover all types of amblyopia management, including timely screening, treatment, and monitoring for recurrence.
HIGHLIGHTED FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CARE
Treatment of refractive error alone can improve visual acuity (VA) in children who have anisometropic, strabismic, or combined amblyopia. Visual acuity of children who have bilateral refractive amblyopia also can substantially improve with refractive correction alone.
Most children who have moderate amblyopia (20/40 to 20/80) respond to initial treatment consisting of 2
hours of daily patching or weekend atropine.
Following treatment of amblyopia caused by strabismus, anisometropia, or both, continued monitoring is necessary and additional treatment, if needed, is associated with long-term durability of the VA improvement.
Suitable treatment options for amblyopia include optical correction, patching, pharmacological treatment, optical treatment, Bangerter (translucent) filters, and digital therapeutics, in addition to managing the underlying cause of amblyopia.
Amblyopia treatment may be effective in older children and adolescents, particularly if they have not previously been treated.
