Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Examination-Based Vision Loss vs Self-reported Vision Measures

JAMA Ophthalmol. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.0723
Published online April 6, 2023.

中文摘要

這篇文章研究了社會決定因素（Social determinants of health, SDOH）對視力損失的影響。研究人員使用了三個不同的資料集，分別是國家健康和營養調查（NHANES）、行為風險因素監測系統（BRFSS）和美國社區調查（ACS）。他們發現，收入、教育程度、種族和民族、以及食品安全等SDOH與視力結果有關聯。此外，他們還比較基於examination-based和self reported的測量時，並沒有發現關聯的差異。研究人員還控制了性別、年齡、種族和民族等社會人口學指標，以及是否被診斷為糖尿病等因素，來進一步分析SDOH對視力損失的影響。該研究發現可使用自我報告的視力數據來監測國家地理區域內SDOH和視力健康狀況的趨勢

English Abstract

This article examines the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on vision loss. The researchers used three different datasets, namely the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and the American Community Survey (ACS). They found that SDOH such as income, educational attainment, race and ethnicity, and food security were associated with vision outcomes. Additionally, they discussed the value of self-reported data in tracking associations between SDOH and vision loss. The study team observed no differences in associations when comparing examination-based and self-reported measures. The researchers also controlled for sociodemographic indicators such as sex, age, race and ethnicity, as well as whether the respondent reported being diagnosed with diabetes. They found that the influence of geographic regions was greater than overall state policies or public insurance programs, highlighting the importance of collecting large samples to capture geographic variation. These findings support the use of self-reported vision data in a surveillance system to track trends in SDOH and vision health outcomes within subnational geographies.